The Importance of Venous and Renal Anomalies for Surgical Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

The most frequent anomalies than can complicate abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) repair are: Major venous anomalies: Renal vein anomalies: Retroaortic left renal vein type I or II. Circumaortic left renal vein. Inferior cava vein anomalies: Left-sided inferior vena cava or cava vein transposition Double inferior vena cava: type I, II or III, right double cava. Marsupial cava or preaortic iliac venous confluence. Preureteral inferior vena cava, retrocaval ureter or circumcaval ureter. Inferior vena cava malposition, anterior or posterior. Agenesis of inferior vena cava. Genitourinary anomalies: Fusion anomalies: Horseshoe kidney: frequently fusion of inferior poles, exceptionally fusion of superior polo with inferior polo, or fusion of both superior poles. Pancake kidney, lump kidney or pelvic horseshoe kidney: fusion of both poles. Position anomalies, renal ectopia: Congenital pelvic kidneys: Unilateral or bilateral pelvic kidneys. Crossed kidney with fusion. Crossed kidney without fusion.